|
The was a pocket-sized military code issued to soldiers in the Imperial Japanese forces on 8 January 1941 in the name of then War Minister Hideki Tojo. 〔Dear, The Oxford Companion to World War II , page 476〕It was in use at the outbreak of the Pacific War. The ''Senjinkun'' was regarded as a supplement to the Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors, which was already required reading for the Japanese military. It listed a number of exhortations regarding military regulations, combat readiness, esprit de corps, filial piety, veneration of Shinto ''kami'', and Japan's ''kokutai''. The code specifically forbade retreat or surrender. 〔Toland, The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire, page 512 〕 The quote "Never live to experience shame as a prisoner." was repeatedly cited as the cause of numerous suicides committed by soldiers and civilians. Japanese soldiers were instructed to “show mercy to those who surrender”. This was written in response to prior misconduct on the battlefield.〔Dower, War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War, page 26 〕〔(''Gyokusai'' or “Shattering like a Jewel”: Reflection on the Pacific War )〕 Towards the end of the war, copies of the ''Senjinkun'' were also distributed to the civilian population of Japan as part of the preparation for Operation Downfall, the expected invasion of the Japanese home islands by Allied forces. ==Excerpt from the ''Senjinkun'' introduction== :''The battlefield is where the Imperial Army, acting under the Imperial Command, displays its true character, conquering whenever it attacks, winning whenever it engages in combat, in order to spread the Imperial Way far and wide so that the enemy may look up in awe to the august virtues of His Majesty.'' 〔 Dower, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II, page 277 〕 :''The Imperial Rescript to the armed forces is explicit while the regulations and manuals clearly define conduct in combat and methods of training. Conditions in the zone of combat, however, tend to cause soldiers to be swayed by immediate events and become forgetful of their duties. Indeed, they should be wary there, lest they run counter to their duties as soldiers. The purpose of the present Code lies in providing concrete rules of conduct, in the light of past experience, so that those in zones of combat may wholly abide by the Imperial Rescript and enhance the moral virtues of the Imperial Army.'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Senjinkun military code」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|